Muhammad Mahdian Noor A1B214218

Negative Impact of Haze

In this modern era, the development of technology is growing by leaps and bounds. This makes the temperature in the universe has increased. It is  causes the damage occurred where - where. Not only damage. as a result of rising temperatures, causing a fire in an area. Recently this happened the burning forest in Riau. It is caused by an increase in temperature while the intensity of rain had not often dropped. Victims affected by the disaster are numerous. 97 139 the number of all those affected by the haze in Riau. 81 514 people suffering from acute respiratory infection (ARI), 1,305 suffered from pneumonia, asthma affected 3,744 people, 4,677 people suffer from eye irritation and skin irritation 5,899 people affected. Riau is not only affected by temperature increases.

 These also affected to the nearby countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. As the two of   countries also feeling the effects of forest fires in Riau. Very much impact caused by forest fires in Riau. it cannot be separated from the reduction and prevention of spread of fires that have occurred since January.

The smog that filled the air was already past the normal threshold even make the air becomes highly toxic. According to Tengku Amri Ariful, an environmental expert at the University of Riau, haze caused by forest fires more dangerous than cigarette smoke. Such as carbon dioxide, and methane can cause various diseases deadly to humans.

Dr.Saptiko, M.Med.PH. explains, on the health effects of smoke directly in the form of eye irritation or eye inflammation when exposed to fumes. If the respiratory form of inspections of upper respiratory tract, asthma to the patient that can recur and the patient aggravate heart disease. Then the smoke cause long-term lung disease, asthma and heart. The diseases are infants, pregnant women, the elderly, people with asthma and heart disease," said Dr. Saptiko. Facing the haze condition in the city of Pontianak Madya, the city government has prepared a Community Health Center (Puskesmas) with medication and treatment. In addition, the Health Department also conducted counseling about the dangers of smog and mitigation as well as the distribution of masks in public. "If the haze thickened and the air pollution index on the verge of unhealthy hoped that the people do not leave the house if you do not need, especially those at high risk, and when you go out wearing masks." She said suggested.

Fires beyond a reasonable season is worrying. Nonetheless, recent positive developments enables a more vigorous prevention efforts for a possible fire in the future. One of them is the practice of policies and market mechanisms that provide disincentives or even penalize land clearing and burning of forests in Indonesia. Singapore, for example, propose a new law that allows the application of fines against companies-both foreign and domestic-that cause smog cross-border impact on the territory of Singapore. In the latest draft of the legislation in question, the company can be fined up to 238,000 USD if it contributes to the smog that transcend national boundaries. These fines will be small to large companies operating in Indonesia, but the impact of possible reputation these fines could encourage companies to be more active efforts to prevent forest fires.

Many things should be done and planned. Disaster haze has caused losses extremely powerful in society. There are at least three negative impacts caused by smog results from burning these forests, which are damaging the environment, interfere with human health, and the economy weakens.

A research has shown that smog contains particles - particles that are very fine and easily carried away by the wind. Particle - the particle will stick to the trees and leaves, causing damage to the fauna. In addition, the particle will also pollute the source - water sources such as rivers, lakes and wells so unfit for human consumption.

In fact, according to an expert from BMKG, smoke particles can fly as high as the clouds of rain and settles in it. As a result, the particles will pollute the rain produced by these clouds. In addition, the cloud that has been contaminated will cause acid rain which is very dangerous for the survival of living beings.

In addition to producing particles - very fine particles, haze also produce particles - particles of medium size. The particles will float - so the kite in the air inhaled by humans. Substances - such karsionogenik cause various diseases, including eye irritation, bronchitis and ISPA.

Because it is the number of hospitals in the some areas are occupied by patients - patients with ARI, acute respiratory disease inspections. The disease is caused by viruses and bacteria carried by the smoke that is directly inhaled by humans. As a result, patients experience difficulty in breathing can even carry them to death. Last impact caused by the haze is weakening economy.

This is because the particles - particles of smoke that resulted from land and forest fires are not capable of blowing air blown by normal because it contains a substance which is quite heavy. As a result, the air space be covered so that the limit of human visibility. Currently within the field which can be seen by humans only reaching 5 meters. Ha is debilitating traffic by land, sea, and air, so that all matters relating to the economy to a standstill. As the results, it can be concluded that forest fires are caused by human activities causing smog that is very detrimental as damaging to the environment, endanger health, and turn off the pace of the economy. Therefore, there must be action to stop this problem so that our country can be free from the scourge of this smog.

REFERENCES

Armando, Rheyzha. 2016. Kabut Asap dan Penyebabnya. http://borneoclimatechange.org/berita-378-pengaruh-kabut-asap-terhadap-kesehatan.html 

Alisjahbana, Ariana, 2014. Kebakaran Hutan Indonesia Membawa Lebih Banyak Asap. http://www.wri.org/blog/2014/03/kebakaran-hutan-indonesia-membawa-lebih-banyak-asap-ke-asia-tenggara/

Syukur, M, 2016. Cegah Riau Terpapar Asap. http://www.liputan6.com/tag/kabut-asap-riau/